ENERGY STAR vs HERS Rating: What’s the Difference? (2026)

Builders, homeowners, and developers often confuse HERS ratings with ENERGY STAR. They are related but they are not the same thing. This page explains the difference and when you need each.

Short Answer

A HERS Index is a number. It ranges from 0 to 100+. Lower means more efficient.
ENERGY STAR is a certification. It is the recognition that a home meets a specific performance program.

A home has a HERS Index. A home either meets ENERGY STAR or it does not.

What Is a HERS Index

The Home Energy Rating System (HERS) is a scoring system developed by RESNET (Residential Energy Services Network) in 1995. The score is based on a standard methodology that uses the home’s plans, construction, and a series of on-site inspections.

A typical resale home scores around 130. A new code-built home (the bare minimum allowed by current energy code) scores around 100. An ENERGY STAR-certified home scores in the mid-50s to mid-80s depending on climate zone. A Zero Energy Ready Home might score in the 40s. A net-zero home scores 0 or below (a HERS Index of -5 means the home produces 5% more energy than it consumes over the year).

The full HERS rating process involves:

  1. Plan review by a RESNET-accredited HERS rater
  2. Pre-drywall on-site inspection
  3. Final inspection (blower door, duct leakage, HVAC)
  4. HERS rater issues a HERS Index certificate with a unique number

The HERS Index is registered in the national RESNET registry. A HERS certificate is a legal document recognized by HUD, the IRS, most lenders, and many state and utility programs.

What ENERGY STAR Is

ENERGY STAR is a government-backed certification program run jointly by the U.S. EPA and U.S. DOE. To earn the ENERGY STAR, a home must meet a long list of prescriptive and performance requirements:

  • Verified HERS Index below a target that varies by climate zone (typically 50-80)
  • Blower door air leakage below a target (typically 4-5 ACH50)
  • Duct leakage below a target (typically 4-5 CFM25/100 sq ft to outside, 8 CFM25 total)
  • HVAC system sized and tested to deliver measured cooling/heating capacity
  • Combustion safety for any gas appliances
  • Water management details (slab, roof, wall)
  • ENERGY STAR-certified windows, lighting, and appliances (where required by the program)

The ENERGY STAR program issues a separate certificate (the “ENERGY STAR label”) after the home passes inspection. The label is what buyers can find in the program’s registry.

Do I Need Both?

If you are a builder claiming 45L tax credit, you need ENERGY STAR (or DOE ZERH). The HERS Index is part of the documentation, but the ENERGY STAR label is what the IRS requires.

If you are a homeowner refinancing with an Energy Efficient Mortgage (EEM), lenders typically accept a HERS Index alone. You may not need ENERGY STAR unless your lender specifies it.

If you are a state utility program, most accept either ENERGY STAR or an equivalent HERS score. Verify with your utility.

If you are just curious about how your home performs, a HERS Index alone is sufficient.

What Determines the HERS Index vs What Determines ENERGY STAR

Factor HERS Score ENERGY STAR
Blower door test Required (factor) Required (target)
Duct leakage Required (factor) Required (target)
Window U-factor and SHGC Factor Prescriptive or target
HVAC SEER/HSPF Factor Prescriptive or target
Insulation R-value Factor Prescriptive or target
Final HERS Index OUTPUT Below target required
Water management Not scored Required
Combustion analysis Not scored Required
Heat pump sizing validation Factor Required

How HECS USA Does Both

HECS USA is a RESNET-accredited HERS Rating Provider and an ENERGY STAR Certified Homes Verifier. Our 45L workflow combines both:

  1. Run the energy model to produce projected HERS Index
  2. Perform pre-drywall and final inspections
  3. Issue the HERS certificate
  4. Verify full ENERGY STAR (or DOE ZERH) compliance
  5. Submit the ENERGY STAR labels

One visit. One report. One phone number: (859) 983-7382.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can a home qualify for 45L without ENERGY STAR certification?

Yes — DOE Zero Energy Ready Home (ZERH) qualifies too. But a HERS Index alone does not satisfy 45L. You need either ENERGY STAR or ZERH.

Is ENERGY STAR required for FHA, VA, or USDA loans?

No — those loans accept any code-built home. ENERGY STAR is not mandatory for government-insured loans. But an EEM (Energy Efficient Mortgage) offers better rates for ENERGY STAR or low-HERS homes.

How long does the inspection take?

A pre-drywall inspection typically takes 1.5–2 hours. A final inspection typically takes 3–4 hours including blower door, duct leakage, combustion, and HVAC startup.

Get Both, From One Rater

HECS USA provides HERS ratings, ENERGY STAR certification, DOE ZERH verification, and 45L documentation across Kentucky, Indiana, Ohio, Tennessee, Illinois, and Missouri. Call (859) 983-7382 or request a quote online.